{"created":"2023-05-15T12:36:03.440764+00:00","id":928,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"0e591993-155a-49e8-982a-4e07c197c979"},"_deposit":{"created_by":2,"id":"928","owners":[2],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"928"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:kutarr.kochi-tech.ac.jp:00000928","sets":["16:21"]},"author_link":["2494"],"item_5_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2009-03","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"1","bibliographicVolumeNumber":"5","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"Society for Social Management Systems Internet Journal"}]}]},"item_5_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"During the Japanese feudal period, the Edo government isolated the nation to foreign countries, and feudal clans were not allowed as the basic rule to exchange economic activities and human resources with each other as well. Thus, when the Meiji government opened the country to foreign trade and diplomatic relations, there were not enough infrastructures at all. The government, then, concentrated on constructing ports and railways to keep up with the increasing trade, and took measures to enhance wealth and military strength, and encourage new industries. After the World War II, with the population merely 72 million, reconstructing devastated land and securing food were the two most urgent national issues. In the 1960s, the booming population and concentration of manufacturers in large metropolitan areas compelled infrastructural development throughout the country. Public appreciated that infrastructures were built wherever possible, rather than prioritizing projects through an appropriate evaluation system. So-called “political engineers” emerged in these years when politicians and engineers worked tightly together. Later on, an extreme shortage of infrastructure brought “constructions engineers” to the center of attention. As we enter the 21^<st> Century, with aging population and fewer children, under constrained public funding, a shift toward “low-carbon society” became inevitable. Some insist that the fairly developed infrastructures now need maintenance, management, and rehabilitation, rather than building new ones. Urban development followed the same history, and Public Private Partnership (PPP) has become an important factor lately.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_5_publisher_36":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"Society for Social Management Systems"}]},"item_5_source_id_11":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"2432-552X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_5_version_type_19":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kurokawa, Takeshi"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"2494","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2019-02-13"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"SMS09-002.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"49.9 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_note","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"SMS09-002.pdf","url":"https://kutarr.kochi-tech.ac.jp/record/928/files/SMS09-002.pdf"},"version_id":"0193ff22-aa7c-4569-87b3-05331070f58c"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"conference paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"}]},"item_title":"Past Present & Future of Urban Development in Japan","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Past Present & Future of Urban Development in Japan"}]},"item_type_id":"5","owner":"2","path":["21"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2018-02-06"},"publish_date":"2018-02-06","publish_status":"0","recid":"928","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Past Present & Future of Urban Development in Japan"],"weko_creator_id":"2","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-05-15T13:21:40.996459+00:00"}